Discussion
Why is the aperture field of a horn not uniform across its mouth?
Answer: C
The dominant rectangular waveguide mode has a half sine amplitude distribution across the broad wall, and the flare carries that distribution to the aperture, giving a natural taper in one plane and a near uniform distribution in the other. That asymmetry is why a simple pyramidal horn has different beamwidths and side lobes in the two planes. Wall absorption is negligible, the probe is centred, and diffraction acts beyond the aperture rather than within it.
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