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Instrumental and consumerist approach towards environment is called ................ .

  • A.Shallow ecology
  • B.Deep ecology
  • C.Cosmocentric ecology
  • D.Green ecology

Answer: A

The approach is called shallow ecology.

Arne Naess, who coined the terms in 1973, described the shallow ecology movement as fighting pollution and resource depletion chiefly for the health and affluence of people in developed countries. Nature is valued instrumentally, as a resource for human use and consumption.

Deep ecology, by contrast, holds that nature has value in itself, independent of human use. 'Cosmocentric' and 'green' ecology are not the standard name for the instrumental, consumerist approach.

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