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A metal-graphite brush grade is chosen in preference to plain carbon where

  • A.the current density is high and the voltage low
  • B.the current density is low and the voltage high
  • C.the commutator surface must be kept perfectly bare
  • D.the machine is required to operate without any brushes

Answer: A

Correct answer: the current density is high and the voltage low

Metal-graphite brushes contain copper or another metal, so their resistivity and their contact voltage drop are much lower than plain carbon. That suits a machine carrying a large current at a low voltage, such as a plating or traction machine, where the loss in a carbon brush would be a large fraction of the output.

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