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When aryl halide is treated with Na in dry ether, biphenyl is formed. This reaction is called

  • A.Fittig reaction
  • B.Wurtz-Fittig reaction
  • C.Swarts reaction
  • D.Williamson's synthesis
  • E.Kolbe's reaction

Answer: A

This is the Fittig reaction.

Two molecules of an aryl halide coupled by sodium in dry ether give a biaryl: 2C6H5Cl + 2Na → C6H5–C6H5 + 2NaCl.

The Wurtz-Fittig reaction couples an aryl halide with an alkyl halide to give an alkylbenzene. The Swarts reaction makes alkyl fluorides, Williamson's synthesis makes ethers, and Kolbe's reaction makes salicylic acid from sodium phenoxide and CO2.

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