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Which frequency describes the oscillation of a displaced parcel?

  • A.The inertial frequency multiplied by the ratio of the vertical to the horizontal scale of the disturbance
  • B.The Brunt-Vaisala frequency
  • C.The Coriolis parameter, which governs the horizontal inertial oscillation of a parcel released from rest instead
  • D.The acoustic cut-off frequency

Answer: B

A parcel displaced vertically in a stably stratified atmosphere oscillates about its equilibrium level at the buoyancy or Brunt-Vaisala frequency, whose square is proportional to the vertical gradient of potential temperature. In the troposphere the corresponding period is about ten minutes. A negative square indicates instability and exponential growth rather than oscillation. The shared properties explain why these belong to one family, and the differences explain why more than one exists.

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