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Which condition limits the plume rise most severely?

  • A.A high exhaust temperature
  • B.A strongly unstable atmosphere, within which the thermals suppress the upward motion of the buoyant plume
  • C.Strong ambient wind
  • D.Calm conditions, in which there is no ventilation to carry the plume away from the vicinity of the source

Answer: C

Strong wind bends the plume over rapidly and dilutes its buoyancy, limiting the rise, which is why the highest ground level concentrations in neutral conditions occur at moderate to strong winds. Calm conditions allow maximum rise. High exhaust temperature increases the buoyancy and therefore the rise, and instability enhances the rise rather than suppressing it. Framing the question as which quantity the change acts upon makes the answer follow without calculation.

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