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Which phenomenon results from stability trapping in a valley?

  • A.Frequent convection
  • B.A foehn wind descending into the valley from the surrounding high ground and warming the air within it
  • C.A persistent cold pool with poor air quality
  • D.Enhanced dispersion, since the valley walls channel the flow and increase the wind speed along the axis

Answer: C

Cold air drains into the valley and is trapped beneath the inversion, so the effective mixing depth is even smaller than over flat terrain and pollutants accumulate for days. Alpine valleys and Mexico City suffer for exactly this reason. Foehn events can flush the pool out, which is one of the few natural clearance mechanisms available. The shared properties explain why these belong to one family, and the differences explain why more than one exists.

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