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Which stability effect does a snow cover produce?

  • A.A deeper mixed layer, because the smooth snow surface generates more mechanical turbulence in the flow above
  • B.Enhanced surface cooling and a stronger inversion
  • C.Enhanced surface heating during the day, since the bright surface reflects radiation back into the air above it
  • D.Neutral conditions

Answer: B

Snow has a high albedo, so it absorbs little solar radiation, and a high emissivity, so it radiates efficiently at night, and its low conductivity insulates it from the ground beneath. The combination produces extremely strong surface inversions and the lowest temperatures recorded on the continents. Reflection cools rather than warms the surface. Naming the cost of a choice alongside its benefit is what turns a fact into a design decision.

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