Discussion
Which effect causes gravity wave amplitude to grow with height?
Answer: B
Conservation of wave energy flux requires the amplitude to grow as the inverse square root of density, so a wave with a one metre per second velocity perturbation in the troposphere reaches tens of metres per second in the mesosphere. That growth eventually leads to breaking. The buoyancy frequency does increase into the stratosphere but the density effect is far larger and is the conventional explanation. Most errors here come from carrying a result across from a neighbouring case where it does not hold.
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