Discussion
Which restoring mechanism gives a Rossby wave?
Answer: A
A parcel displaced poleward conserves absolute vorticity and therefore acquires anticyclonic relative vorticity, which turns it back, giving a wave whose phase propagates westward relative to the mean flow. The gradient may come from beta or from a gradient in the mean flow. Buoyancy and compressibility give gravity and sound waves, and the Coriolis force acting alone gives inertial oscillations rather than a propagating wave. Checking the units of each quantity catches a wrong formula before the arithmetic begins.
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