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Which pattern describes the atmospheric response to equatorial heating?

  • A.A meridional circulation confined entirely to the longitude at which the heating is being applied there
  • B.A Kelvin wave to the east and Rossby gyres to the west
  • C.A symmetric pattern of outflow in every direction, since the equatorial atmosphere has no preferred direction
  • D.Rossby gyres to the east

Answer: B

Gill's solution shows the Kelvin response extending eastward and a pair of off-equatorial cyclonic Rossby gyres to the west, an asymmetry that follows directly from the propagation directions of the two wave types. This pattern is recognisable in observed circulations associated with tropical convection and with El Nino heating anomalies, and it is one of the most used results in tropical meteorology. Framing the question as which quantity the change acts upon makes the answer follow without calculation.

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