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Which confirmation does that diagnostic provide?

  • A.The tropical atmosphere contains no organised wave motion apart from the seasonal migration of the convergence zone
  • B.Waves are absent
  • C.Tropical waves propagate only westward, in accordance with the behaviour of Rossby waves in mid-latitudes
  • D.Observed variability follows theoretical dispersion curves

Answer: D

The observed spectral peaks lie remarkably close to the dispersion curves predicted by Matsuno's shallow water theory of equatorial waves, which is a striking confirmation of a theory developed decades earlier. Both eastward and westward propagating modes appear clearly. The agreement is one of the more satisfying instances of theory anticipating observation in this subject. The quantity that varies and the quantity that does not are worth naming before any substitution is attempted.

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