Discussion
Assertion (A): Downward phase propagation of a gravity wave indicates upward energy propagation.
Reason (R): The group velocity of an internal gravity wave is perpendicular to its phase velocity.
Select the correct answer from the options below.
Answer: D
Because the group velocity vector is perpendicular to the wavenumber vector and directed with an opposite vertical component, energy travels upward when phase lines descend. The reason therefore explains the assertion exactly. This property allows the source of stratospheric wave activity to be identified from a time-height section, which is how tropospheric generation of stratospheric waves was first established observationally.
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