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Statement I: Rossby wave phase always moves westward relative to the mean flow.

Statement II: Rossby wave energy always moves westward relative to the mean flow.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.

  • A.Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
  • B.Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
  • C.Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
  • D.Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect

Answer: D

The intrinsic phase speed is always westward, but the group velocity can be eastward, which is what produces downstream development in Rossby wave trains. This distinction between phase and energy propagation has real forecasting consequences, since it means a disturbance in one region seeds development far downstream several days later, and it also means analysis errors spread faster than the systems themselves.

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