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A wave whose phase speed depends on its wavelength is described as _____.

  • A.dispersive
  • B.trapped, meaning that its amplitude decays away from a boundary or from the equator on either side
  • C.evanescent
  • D.non-dispersive, so that every component of a wave packet travels at exactly the same speed as the rest

Answer: A

Dispersion means the phase speed varies with wavenumber, so a packet spreads and the group velocity differs from the phase velocity. Rossby and gravity waves are dispersive while sound and equatorial Kelvin waves are not. Trapping and evanescence describe how the amplitude varies in space rather than how the speed varies with wavelength.

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