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Discussion

Analysis of an atmospheric variable shows prominent modes at 5, 40 and 1460 days. These modes correspond respectively to

  • A.Tidal, MJO and ENSO
  • B.Synoptic, MJO and ENSO
  • C.Synoptic, MJO and Decadal
  • D.Tidal, Milankhovich and ENSO

Answer: B

The modes are synoptic, MJO and ENSO.

A period of about 5 days is typical of synoptic weather systems, the passage of mid-latitude cyclones and anticyclones. About 40 days falls in the 30 to 60 day band of the Madden-Julian Oscillation. 1460 days is 4 years, within the 2 to 7 year period of El Nino-Southern Oscillation.

Tides have periods of about half a day and a day, not 5 days. Milankovitch cycles last tens of thousands of years, and decadal variability means about 10 years or more, far longer than 4 years.

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