Discussion
Rossby waves depend fundamentally upon the variation of the Coriolis parameter with latitude, known as :
Answer: C
The variation of the Coriolis parameter with latitude is the beta effect.
The Coriolis parameter is \(f = 2\Omega\sin\phi\), and its northward gradient is \(\beta = df/dy\). As an air or water parcel moves north or south, conservation of absolute vorticity makes its relative vorticity change, and this restoring tendency is what produces westward-propagating Rossby waves. The beta-plane approximation is named after it.
'Alfa', 'gamma' and 'lambda' effects are not the name given to this gradient.
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