Discussion
What absorbs the light in atomic absorption spectroscopy?
Answer: A
The technique measures absorption by free, unexcited atoms in the vapour, which is why the sample must first be atomised. Molecules in solution give broad bands rather than sharp lines, ions have different energy levels and are a loss rather than the analyte, and excited atoms returning to ground emit rather than absorb. That the measurement needs atoms, not molecules or ions, is what makes the atomiser the heart of the instrument. Reading the definition literally, rather than recalling a formula, is the reliable route through questions of this shape.
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