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Why is a graphite furnace more sensitive than a flame?

  • A.The furnace uses a more intense lamp
  • B.The furnace measures emission as well as absorption
  • C.The whole sample stays in the beam at once
  • D.The graphite tube reaches a much higher temperature

Answer: C

In a flame most of the aspirated sample is lost to waste and the rest passes through the beam in an instant, whereas a furnace holds the entire few microlitres in the light path for around a second. Temperature is comparable, the lamp is the same, and only absorption is measured. Increasing the time an analyte spends in the measurement, rather than the amount of it, is what buys two or three orders of magnitude in detection limit. Naming the cost of a choice alongside its benefit is what turns a fact into a design decision.

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