Discussion
Approaches to perception that involve direct reception of information from environment are called :
Answer: C
Theories of direct perception are ecological approaches.
J. J. Gibson's ecological approach holds that the environment contains rich, structured information (the optic array, texture gradients, optic flow and affordances) that the perceiver picks up directly, without needing inference or stored knowledge to construct a percept.
Constructivist approaches (Helmholtz, Gregory) argue the opposite, that perception is built by inference from incomplete sensory data. Computational approaches (Marr) model perception as stages of information processing, and feature analysis explains recognition by detecting component features. None involves direct reception.
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