Discussion

Match List I (Schedule) with List II (Effect) and select the correct answer using codes given below :

List I (Schedule)	List II (Effect)
(P) Fixed ratio	(1) Response rate is slow but regular
(Q) Variable ratio	(2) Response rate is fast and regular
(R) Fixed interval	(3) Response rate is regular and high
(S) Variable interval	(4) Response rate drop first but increase near end

Answer: B

The correct code is (P)-(2), (Q)-(3), (R)-(4), (S)-(1).

Fixed ratio: reinforcement after a set number of responses produces a fast rate of responding (2).
Variable ratio: reinforcement after an unpredictable number of responses produces a high, steady rate, the pattern of gambling (3).
Fixed interval: responding drops after each reinforcement and speeds up as the end of the interval approaches, the 'scallop' (4).
Variable interval: reinforcement at unpredictable times produces a slow but steady rate (1).

The other codes mismatch the scalloped pattern, which belongs only to the fixed interval schedule.

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