Discussion
A vehicle emits \( 1.6 \) g/km of carbon monoxide against a limit of \( 1.0 \) g/km. It exceeds the limit by
Answer: B
Correct answer: 60 per cent
The excess is measured against the limit:
\[ \frac{1.6 - 1.0}{1.0} \times 100 = 60\% \]
The distractor 37.5 per cent divides by the measured value instead of the limit, which answers a different question - what fraction of the emission is excess. Compliance is judged against the standard, so the standard is the denominator.
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