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Which fluid fills the cells of a conventional lead acid battery?

  • A.Distilled water alone, which conducts sufficiently once the plates have been formed during the manufacture
  • B.Potassium hydroxide
  • C.Concentrated sulphuric acid, whose higher density gives a greater capacity for the same volume of electrolyte
  • D.Dilute sulphuric acid

Answer: D

The electrolyte is around thirty five per cent sulphuric acid in water, with a specific gravity near 1.28 when charged. Concentrated acid would destroy the plates. Potassium hydroxide is the alkaline battery electrolyte. The order in which the effects act is what decides the outcome, so it is worth establishing first. Naming the cost of a choice alongside its benefit is what turns a fact into a design decision. Tracing the requirement back to the physical constraint that produces it makes the answer follow.

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