Discussion
The average of the monthly salaries of M, N and S is ₹ 4000. The average of the monthly salaries of N, S and P is ₹ 5000. The monthly salary of P is ₹ 6000.
What is the monthly salary of M as a percentage of the monthly salary of P?
Answer: A
M's salary is 50% of P's.
From the two averages,
\[ \begin{aligned} M + N + S &= 3 \times 4000 = 12000 \\ N + S + P &= 3 \times 5000 = 15000 \end{aligned} \]
With \(P = 6000\), \(N + S = 9000\), so \(M = 12000 - 9000 = 3000\). As a percentage of P's salary, \(3000/6000 = 50\%\).
Subtracting the two sums gives \(P - M = 3000\) directly, a useful check. 75%, 100% and 125% would need M to earn 4500, 6000 or 7500, none of which fits the averages.
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