Discussion
Which of these is exposed on the outer surface of a gram-negative bacterium?
Answer: B
Correct answer: O-antigen of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
The outer face of the gram-negative outer membrane is covered with lipopolysaccharide, whose O-antigen - a long chain of repeating sugars - projects outwards. It is what the immune system recognises, and what serotypes such as E. coli O157 are named for. Braun lipoprotein anchors the outer membrane to the peptidoglycan beneath, lipoteichoic acid belongs to gram-positive walls, and the electron transport chain is in the inner membrane.
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