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Which realistic feature does the Charney model add?

  • A.A realistic vertical profile of static stability including the sharp increase found at the tropopause
  • B.The beta effect with no upper lid
  • C.Latent heat release within the ascending branch of the growing baroclinic wave being modelled here
  • D.Surface friction

Answer: B

Charney worked on a beta plane with an unbounded atmosphere above, so the interior potential vorticity gradient is non-zero and instability arises from its interaction with the surface temperature gradient. The resulting modes are bottom-trapped with a depth set by the Rossby height. Latent heat, friction and realistic stability are absent from both idealised models, which is what keeps them tractable. A single measurement chosen to respond to the one asymmetry beats several that respond to shared behaviour.

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