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A forecaster observes an upper trough approaching a strong low level baroclinic zone over the western Atlantic in January.

What development is expected?

  • A.No development
  • B.Development only if the upper trough moves ahead of the surface feature before the two become aligned
  • C.Rapid cyclogenesis through mutual amplification of the anomalies
  • D.Slow filling of the surface low as the upper trough passes overhead without any interaction occurring

Answer: C

An upper potential vorticity anomaly arriving upstream of a strong surface thermal anomaly is the classic configuration for rapid deepening, and the western Atlantic in winter supplies both the baroclinicity and the moisture. Mutual amplification proceeds while the westward tilt is maintained. Alignment marks the end rather than the beginning of the development. Framing the question as which quantity the change acts upon makes the answer follow without calculation.

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