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Which practical difficulty do blocks present?

  • A.Their position cannot be determined from observations because they contain very few distinctive features
  • B.They move too rapidly
  • C.They occur only in the southern hemisphere, where the observational network has always been sparser
  • D.Their onset and breakdown are poorly forecast

Answer: D

Once established a block is persistent and therefore relatively predictable, but the transitions into and out of the blocked state remain among the hardest forecasting problems in mid-latitudes. Models also show systematic errors in block frequency and duration. Blocks are prominent features easily identified in analyses, and they are more common in the northern hemisphere than the southern. Most errors here come from carrying a result across from a neighbouring case where it does not hold.

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