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The behaviour of a lead rubber bearing under increasing horizontal displacement is best described as

  • A.bilinear, being stiff until the lead yields and softer afterwards
  • B.linear and elastic over the whole of its useful displacement range
  • C.rigid until failure with no deformation at all
  • D.softening at first and then stiffening abruptly

Answer: A

The first branch comes from the lead core and the rubber acting together, and the second from the rubber alone once the lead has yielded. Analysis usually replaces the two branches with an effective stiffness and an effective damping at the design displacement.

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