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Effective stiffness of a bilinear isolator is defined as

  • A.the vertical stiffness of the bearing under its gravity load
  • B.the secant stiffness from the origin to the design displacement
  • C.the initial stiffness of the bearing before the lead core has yielded at all
  • D.the post-yield stiffness of the rubber taken on its own

Answer: B

Using the secant value lets the nonlinear bearing be represented by a single spring in an equivalent linear analysis. Because the secant stiffness falls as the displacement grows, the analysis has to be iterated until stiffness and displacement are consistent.

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