Discussion
A t-state is measured from the falling edge of one clock pulse to the falling edge of the next clock pulse. Fetch cycle and the execution cycle take how many of the following t-states ?
Answer: C
The answer is 4 and 3.
Taking the 8085 as the standard example, the opcode fetch machine cycle takes four T-states: three to place the address, read the opcode from memory and latch it, and a fourth in which the processor decodes it. A memory read or write machine cycle in the execution phase takes three T-states, since no decoding is needed.
So an instruction such as MVI A, data takes 4 T-states to fetch the opcode and 3 more to read the data byte. The option '3 and 4' reverses the two, and 2 and 1, or 2 and 3, are too few for either cycle.
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