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A rock armour revetment reduces toe scour compared with a vertical wall because it

  • A.lifts the mean water surface just seaward of the armoured slope
  • B.prevents any wave from reaching the structure at all
  • C.dissipates rather than reflects much of the incident energy
  • D.sends a greater share of the arriving energy seaward again

Answer: C

Correct answer: dissipates rather than reflects much of the incident energy

A rough, permeable slope breaks the wave and lets water percolate into the armour, turning much of the energy into turbulence and friction within the layer. A vertical face returns most of it seaward, and it is that reflected energy, interacting with the incoming waves, that sets up the scouring flow at the toe. Less reflection means less scour, which is the principal hydraulic argument for a sloping revetment.

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