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Placing material as far as possible from the neutral axis is efficient in bending because

  • A.The area grows with the square of the distance
  • B.The stress falls with the square of the distance
  • C.The material becomes stiffer when moved
  • D.It grows with the square of the distance

Answer: D

Each element contributes its area times the square of its distance, so material at twice the distance is four times as effective. This is why a spar has heavy caps top and bottom joined by a light web, and why an I-section is the classic bending shape.

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