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Assertion (A): Shear lag makes the measured stress in a wide flange lower than simple theory predicts.

Reason (R): Load reaches the outer flange material by shear, and that transfer takes distance.

Select the correct answer from the options below.

  • A.A is false but R is true
  • B.Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
  • C.Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • D.A is true but R is false

Answer: B

Both statements are true and the second is the reason for the first. Material far from a web is never fully stressed, so counting the whole flange as working overstates the section's capability. Designers use an effective width instead.

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