Discussion
Carbon-14 undergoes beta decay upon which it is converted into a new element having :
Answer: A
The new element has an increased atomic number.
In beta (minus) decay a neutron in the nucleus changes into a proton, emitting an electron and an antineutrino. The number of protons rises by one while the total number of nucleons stays the same:
\[ \begin{aligned} ^{14}_{6}\text{C} &\rightarrow\ ^{14}_{7}\text{N} \\ &+ e^{-} + \bar{\nu} \end{aligned} \]
So carbon-14 becomes nitrogen-14, and the mass number is unchanged at 14. A decreased atomic number would result from positron emission or electron capture, and a change of mass number needs alpha decay (a fall of 4), which beta decay never causes.
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