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What is secondary breakdown?

  • A.The base-emitter junction breaking down at low voltage
  • B.Leakage current doubling for every ten degrees of rise
  • C.Localised current concentration destroying the device
  • D.A second avalanche region beyond the first breakdown

Answer: C

Secondary breakdown is a thermal instability in which current concentrates into a hot spot that then conducts still better, destroying the device - a runaway rather than an avalanche. It is why the safe operating area is bounded by more than a simple power hyperbola. The other options describe an avalanche region, a junction rating and normal leakage. A failure mechanism driven by positive feedback needs its own boundary on a rating chart, because no average calculation predicts it.

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