Discussion
Why is a transistor driven hard into saturation when used as a switch?
Answer: C
In saturation the collector-emitter voltage is a few tenths of a volt, so the product of current and voltage is small and the device stays cool. Beta is irrelevant there, since the current is set by the external circuit. Off-state leakage is a cut-off property, and heavy drive actually slows turn-off because the stored charge must be removed. A switch wants low voltage when on and low current when off, and saturation delivers the first of those. The parameter that varies and the parameter that does not are worth naming before any substitution is attempted.
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