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A switching transistor runs hot although its duty cycle is low. Which cause should be examined?

  • A.Excessive base drive causing storage delay at turn-off
  • B.A collector load resistor of too high a value
  • C.A supply voltage below the device's rating
  • D.Insufficient base drive leaving it out of saturation

Answer: D

If the base drive is too small the device sits in the active region rather than in saturation, so it carries the load current with several volts across it and dissipates heavily. Excess drive causes delay rather than heating, a large load resistor reduces the current, and a low supply reduces the dissipation. A switch that is hot is almost always spending time, or sitting, between its two intended states.

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