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Which three temperature effects all raise collector current?

  • A.Beta, the Early voltage and the saturation voltage of the device
  • B.Leakage, the thermal voltage and the base spreading resistance
  • C.The base-emitter drop, the transition frequency and beta
  • D.Beta, the base-emitter drop and leakage

Answer: D

Beta rises, the base-emitter drop needed falls by about two millivolts per degree, and leakage roughly doubles every ten degrees - all three push the collector current up. That they conspire rather than cancel is the fact the whole topic rests on. The Early voltage, saturation voltage and transition frequency do change with temperature but affect other things. Where every mechanism pushes one way, positive feedback with heat is a real possibility rather than a curiosity.

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