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What sets the lower cut-off frequency contributed by that capacitor?

  • A.Its value and the collector resistor in the stage
  • B.Its value and the divider's Thevenin resistance to ground
  • C.Its value and the load impedance the stage has to drive
  • D.Its value and the resistance seen at the emitter

Answer: D

The relevant resistance is the emitter resistor in parallel with the low impedance looking into the emitter, which is only tens of ohms - so the capacitor must be large. The collector resistor, the divider and the load all set other break points in the response. Because the resistance here is small, this is usually the capacitor that dominates a stage's low-frequency limit, which surprises people who size it from the emitter resistor alone.

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