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A stage carries \( 2 \ \mathrm{mA} \) with \( R_{E} = 1 \ \mathrm{k\Omega} \). If beta doubles, the emitter current changes by about

  • A.About ten per cent, one fifth of the change in the gain
  • B.Under one per cent
  • C.Twofold
  • D.About fifty per cent, half the change in the gain itself

Answer: B

The emitter current is set by the base voltage and the emitter resistor, neither of which depends on beta:

\[ I_{E} = \frac{V_{B} - 0.7}{R_{E}} \]

so the change is under one per cent, arising only from the slightly reduced base current loading the divider. That near-immunity to beta is what the arrangement was chosen for, and it is why the same circuit works with any device in the family.

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