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A newly built batch of amplifiers shows widely differing quiescent currents. What is the likely cause?

  • A.The bias depends on beta
  • B.The supply voltage is not adequately regulated between the units built
  • C.The emitter resistors have been fitted with too loose a tolerance
  • D.The coupling capacitors differ in value from one unit to the next

Answer: A

Unit-to-unit spread with no other pattern points at a bias arrangement whose operating point follows beta, which varies three to one across a batch. Supply regulation and resistor tolerance would produce far smaller and more even variation, and coupling capacitors do not affect the quiescent point at all. Whether a symptom varies between units, with temperature, or with signal level, points at three quite different classes of cause. A single measurement chosen to respond to the one asymmetry beats several that respond to shared behaviour.

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