Discussion
Consider the following statements about merging states in LALR construction.
1. It can introduce a reduce-reduce conflict.
2. It never introduces a shift-reduce conflict.
3. It always reduces the number of states below the SLR count.
Answer: C
Correct answer: 1 and 2 only
Statements 1 and 2 are correct: merging states with the same core unions their lookahead sets, which can put two reductions in competition on one lookahead, but it cannot affect the shift actions. Statement 3 misstates the comparison - LALR has exactly as many states as SLR, both being built on the LR(0) automaton. The saving is against canonical LR(1), not against SLR.
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