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A rising shape factor along a surface indicates that the boundary layer is

  • A.Thinning rapidly
  • B.Approaching separation
  • C.Becoming more resistant to separation
  • D.Undergoing reverse transition to laminar flow

Answer: B

As an adverse pressure gradient drains momentum from the fluid nearest the wall, the profile becomes less full and the ratio of displacement to momentum thickness climbs. Values around 2.6 for a laminar layer and about 2.4 for a turbulent one are commonly taken as separation warnings.

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