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Assertion (A): A boundary layer separates wherever the pressure gradient is adverse.

Reason (R): An adverse gradient decelerates the low-momentum fluid nearest the wall.

Select the correct answer from the options below.

  • A.Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
  • B.Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • C.A is true but R is false
  • D.A is false but R is true

Answer: D

The assertion is too strong while the reason is correct. An adverse gradient is necessary for separation but not sufficient: a turbulent layer routinely negotiates a mild rise without separating. Separation requires the gradient to be steep enough to drive the wall shear to zero.

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