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Fixed cost per unit of output

  • A.falls as output rises
  • B.rises as output rises
  • C.stays constant as output rises
  • D.falls then rises as output rises

Answer: A

Correct answer: falls as output rises

The total fixed cost is unchanged, so spreading it over more units reduces the amount each must bear:

\[ \text{fixed cost per unit} = \frac{F}{Q} \]

This is the whole of what is meant by economies of scale in the short run, and it is why a plant running below capacity has such difficulty competing with one running full.

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