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The Southwell plot is used to determine a column's critical load by

  • A.Measuring its yield stress
  • B.Extrapolating from low-load measurements
  • C.Loading the column until it collapses
  • D.Measuring its natural frequency

Answer: B

Plotting deflection against deflection over load gives a straight line whose slope is the critical load, so the value can be found without ever damaging the specimen. It is one of the more elegant pieces of experimental structural mechanics.

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