Discussion
Sampling error can be reduced by :
Answer: B
Sampling error is reduced by increasing the sample size.
Sampling error is the difference between a sample statistic and the population value that arises because only part of the population is observed. Its size is measured by the standard error, which for a mean is \(\sigma/\sqrt{n}\), so it falls as the sample size n grows: quadrupling the sample halves the standard error.
Reducing the sample size does the opposite. Non-probability sampling does not reduce error; it makes it impossible to measure and adds the risk of bias. The size of the population is not under the researcher's control and hardly affects the error once the population is large.
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