Discussion
Assertion (A): A more active catalyst does not always give a faster observed rate.
Reason (R): If the rate is already limited by diffusion, increasing the intrinsic activity changes nothing.
Answer: A
Correct answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Both are true and the reason gives the cause. Where the effectiveness factor is already low, reactant is consumed in a thin outer shell and the interior sees none; raising the intrinsic activity consumes it in a thinner shell still and leaves the observed rate almost unchanged. The remedy is smaller particles or wider pores, and the diagnostic is that a diffusion-limited rate shows a low apparent activation energy - about half the true value.
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