Discussion
Which of the following molecules plays a pivotal role in presenting the paracrine factors to their target cells ?
Answer: B
The molecule is heparan sulphate (printed 'Heparin sulphate').
Heparan sulphate proteoglycans on cell surfaces and in the extracellular matrix bind paracrine factors such as FGFs, Wnts and Hedgehog proteins. They concentrate these factors, control how far they spread, and present them to their receptors; FGF signalling, for example, needs heparan sulphate to form an active receptor complex.
Fibronectin, laminin and collagen are extracellular matrix proteins concerned with cell adhesion, migration and structural support. They do not have the central role in presenting paracrine factors.
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